U.S. researchers believe that the following nine ways to help you better step-down smooth:
1, to quit smoking;
2, weight loss, weight women should limit daily alcohol consumption;
3, to reduce the intake of sodium (salt intake per day is not more than 6 grams of salt);
4, increasing exercise (walking and other daily activities 30 - 40 minutes);
5, eat more fruits and vegetables;
6, eat more potassium content of food per day (recommended daily intake of potassium for 3.5g, about 3 fresh bananas every day, drink three glasses of orange juice);
7, the diet contains enough calcium (daily intake should be about 1300mg of calcium);
8, limit intake of saturated fat;
9, limit the intake of cholesterol.
2008-09-20
The latest study on pregnancy-induced hypertension endanger life
A new study shows that patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension after suffering from high blood pressure and increase the risk of stroke. British researchers found that pregnancy-induced hypertension history of women susceptible to high blood pressure and stroke, and there is a history of preeclampsia women more dangerous. Published its findings in the recently published "The British Medical Association journal."
Early maternal preeclampsia or pregnancy-induced hypertension incidence rate of nearly 30%. Pre-eclampsia can be no case for any signs of high blood pressure rose to dangerous, pre-eclampsia can progress to eclampsia, maternal and child endangering life. Pre-eclampsia is the first cause of maternal mortality, the incidence of maternal early as 5%, there is a history of preeclampsia women once the disease occurs when the pregnancy rate of 1-2 percent. In this study, the University of Aberdeen, Scotland, researchers from 1951 to 1970 Aberdeen area between 3593 initial delivery of women's health questionnaire, the hospital medical records and medical examination results of the analysis reviewed at this time, these women The average age of 60 years of age have. The study found that pregnancy-induced hypertension or preeclampsia in women after years of suffering from high blood pressure increases the risk of even up to 50 years because of its high blood pressure-related illness and the patient is still a very high probability, there is a history of preeclampsia women's stroke The normal blood pressure during pregnancy is dangerous to women's 4 times.
The researchers noted that doctors should be aware of the history of pregnancy-induced hypertension in women after years of suffering from cardiovascular disease risk will increase. Hypertension is a treatable disease, pregnancy-induced hypertension for women should be regarded as high-risk groups, high blood pressure to achieve early detection and treatment, thus reducing stroke and heart disease incidence.
Early maternal preeclampsia or pregnancy-induced hypertension incidence rate of nearly 30%. Pre-eclampsia can be no case for any signs of high blood pressure rose to dangerous, pre-eclampsia can progress to eclampsia, maternal and child endangering life. Pre-eclampsia is the first cause of maternal mortality, the incidence of maternal early as 5%, there is a history of preeclampsia women once the disease occurs when the pregnancy rate of 1-2 percent. In this study, the University of Aberdeen, Scotland, researchers from 1951 to 1970 Aberdeen area between 3593 initial delivery of women's health questionnaire, the hospital medical records and medical examination results of the analysis reviewed at this time, these women The average age of 60 years of age have. The study found that pregnancy-induced hypertension or preeclampsia in women after years of suffering from high blood pressure increases the risk of even up to 50 years because of its high blood pressure-related illness and the patient is still a very high probability, there is a history of preeclampsia women's stroke The normal blood pressure during pregnancy is dangerous to women's 4 times.
The researchers noted that doctors should be aware of the history of pregnancy-induced hypertension in women after years of suffering from cardiovascular disease risk will increase. Hypertension is a treatable disease, pregnancy-induced hypertension for women should be regarded as high-risk groups, high blood pressure to achieve early detection and treatment, thus reducing stroke and heart disease incidence.
Can high blood pressure Patients Winter Swimming training?
In general, patients with high blood pressure can still be under the supervision of a doctor's participation in sports activities. However, the strong cold winter swimming in a sports environment, the body of water in the cold to stimulate strong, full-body skin drastic contraction of blood vessels, forcing blood vessels in the skin and internal organs of blood back to the deep, and thus cause the blood pressure rise for the time being High. High blood pressure patients have high blood pressure that, and more with a different degree of hardening of the arteries, in particular, often in diastolic blood pressure of 100 mm Hg or more, and he also reduce the blood vessel flexibility, such as blood pressure patients to participate in winter swimming will be a temporary rise further, it is May occur and cerebrovascular bleeding, stroke, coma or even death. As a result, patients with high blood pressure should not be carried out to stimulate the strong cold winter swimming training. However, high blood pressure patients will be able to carry out general training of cold water. This hardship for the body when the skin contact with cold water vasoconstriction, increased blood pressure slightly, only a very short period of time; quickly on the skin blood vessels to expand again, a lot of blood flow to the skin blood vessels, when the blood pressure, than it did not touch on the cold water Also slightly more. Cold-water training for a long time, the body's blood vessels after repeated Zhang reduction training, but to enhance flexibility and help adjust blood pressure.
Patients with high blood pressure cold water exercise is the best form of cold water Cashen. This is a small amount of cold water several times to contact the skin of the training methods, not to stimulate the intensity, high blood pressure patients find it easier to accept the body. Initially, the water temperature should not be too low, according to the body later gradually reduce the degree of tolerance, to light the way, to force uniform, rubbing the upper body first, and then, put on clothes to sit down and lower body rub. Should not bow, bend over and move up too. Dizzy with high blood pressure, beginning with the first cold-water wash and then cold water on the feet. Persist for some time, the symptoms improved after the re-use cold water Cashen.
If the following high blood pressure in patients with mild, may take part in the Winter Swimming moderate exercise. One is young and high blood pressure, because the maturity of some of the changes in the endocrine and heart development during this period by a certain fast. This type of high blood pressure mainly in the systolic blood pressure increased, up to 140-150 mm Hg, and diastolic blood pressure is low, generally no dizziness, headache, and other negative feelings, such young people do not have to participate in the Winter Swimming taboo. However, winter swimming training appropriate to reduce the intensity. Through the appropriate amount of winter swimming scientific training, not only will not increase blood pressure, but also to restore it to normal.
The other is excessive tension and high blood pressure, high blood pressure in general this type of work because of fatigue, stress, fatigue caused. This contract is not only high blood pressure is too high, more than 140 or even 150 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure was also increased, up to 90-100 mm Hg. This phenomenon by reducing the pressure of work, reasonable living arrangements, to ensure adequate sleep and rest, as tensions over the loss of blood pressure can return to normal, this type of high blood pressure may also continue to take part in winter training, but should have a clear diagnosis, Seek medical advice, strictly control the winter when the stimulus intensity, strictly abide by the winter swimming scientific methods and health requirements, should feel as comfortable, does not find an immediate end.
Patients with high blood pressure cold water exercise is the best form of cold water Cashen. This is a small amount of cold water several times to contact the skin of the training methods, not to stimulate the intensity, high blood pressure patients find it easier to accept the body. Initially, the water temperature should not be too low, according to the body later gradually reduce the degree of tolerance, to light the way, to force uniform, rubbing the upper body first, and then, put on clothes to sit down and lower body rub. Should not bow, bend over and move up too. Dizzy with high blood pressure, beginning with the first cold-water wash and then cold water on the feet. Persist for some time, the symptoms improved after the re-use cold water Cashen.
If the following high blood pressure in patients with mild, may take part in the Winter Swimming moderate exercise. One is young and high blood pressure, because the maturity of some of the changes in the endocrine and heart development during this period by a certain fast. This type of high blood pressure mainly in the systolic blood pressure increased, up to 140-150 mm Hg, and diastolic blood pressure is low, generally no dizziness, headache, and other negative feelings, such young people do not have to participate in the Winter Swimming taboo. However, winter swimming training appropriate to reduce the intensity. Through the appropriate amount of winter swimming scientific training, not only will not increase blood pressure, but also to restore it to normal.
The other is excessive tension and high blood pressure, high blood pressure in general this type of work because of fatigue, stress, fatigue caused. This contract is not only high blood pressure is too high, more than 140 or even 150 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure was also increased, up to 90-100 mm Hg. This phenomenon by reducing the pressure of work, reasonable living arrangements, to ensure adequate sleep and rest, as tensions over the loss of blood pressure can return to normal, this type of high blood pressure may also continue to take part in winter training, but should have a clear diagnosis, Seek medical advice, strictly control the winter when the stimulus intensity, strictly abide by the winter swimming scientific methods and health requirements, should feel as comfortable, does not find an immediate end.
2008-09-18
Secondary cause of high blood pressure
1. Renal hypertension
Renal hypertension was the most common secondary hypertension, which is due to renal vascular or kidney disease caused by the substance of high blood pressure. Responsible for the arterial blood supply to the kidney - renal artery stenosis, lead to renal ischemia, which is one of the major clinical hypertension. The common cause of high blood kidney disease, including substantial nephritis, chronic nephritis Meng kidney, kidney nuclear, systemic disease systemic lupus erythematosus increase of kidney damage, and so on. There are substantive kidney disease patients in addition to clinical hypertension, often in the urine checks may be found in protein, such as abnormal red blood cells or leukocytes.
2. Adrenal diseases caused by high blood pressure
Kidney tens of thousands of small gland - the adrenal hyperplasia is caused by tumors or secondary cause of high blood pressure important. The adrenal cortex is the outside in the middle for the reinforcement of quality. Adrenal hyperplasia or tumors of both diseases main cause each of Cushing syndrome and primary aldosteronism. Cushing's syndrome patients suffering from the excessive secretion of adrenal cortex known as a glucocorticoid material.
In addition to the patients have high blood pressure, obesity often concentric, limbs, muscle wasting, may face the full moon (full moon that face, and the red (sanguine temperament), the inner thighs and abdomen appear purple stripes, skin acne, increased body hair, thickening, Female menstrual disorders and varying degrees of masculinity. Bacteria as a result of other diseases long-term use prednisone, dexamethasone, and other drug treatment of these patients will also be a set of clinical performance. Cushing's syndrome, with clinical features, generally do not Primary and high blood pressure is difficult to identify with.
In primary aldosteronism, the adrenal hormone aldosterone is too much of the material. Aldosterone over a large number of water and sodium retention in the body, thus preventing the potassium in the urine from the increase in emissions. In addition to the patients have high blood pressure, blood when the investigation will find that the high sodium and low potassium, urine examination, urine potassium increased, and urine from the discharge of sodium than the sodium intake in the diet. As the patient appeared weak and hypokalemia, muscle weakness, occasional convulsions and paralysis. More nocturnal also common symptoms. Secondary hypertension caused by the adrenal medulla disease pheochromocytoma. Adrenomedullin intermittent or persistent excessive secretion of epinephrine or norepinephrine. Both substances can speed up the heart rate, blood vessels, so that the patient's blood pressure, seizures or persistent increase in the three common symptoms of the onset of severe headache, sweating, heart palpitations. However, they may not be the one of the three patients at the same time. Other symptoms include pale, nausea, abdominal pain, difficulty breathing, and so on.
3. Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)
Pregnant women generally have higher blood pressure in three situations: ① have been pre-primary or secondary high blood pressure, known as chronic high blood pressure in pregnancy; ② appear high blood pressure during pregnancy, childbirth within three months of the blood pressure returned to normal, that is, pregnancy-induced hypertension; ③ pre-existing high blood pressure; after pregnancy increase blood pressure, said pre-pregnancy induced hypertension and high blood situation. The general diagnosis of pregnancy-induced hypertension is not difficult. Board sign pregnant patients have edema, check there has been a proliferation of protein in urine, that is, there is proteinuria.
4. Hypertension
The increased blood pressure caused by vascular diseases are common coarctation of the aorta, the artery inflammation and atherosclerosis, and so on. Coarctation of the aorta of the upper limb of patients significantly increased blood pressure, low blood pressure and lower limb, or even no blood pressure. Arteritis-prone in young women, which often involved physical side of the artery, blood pressure can be found in the two upper limb blood pressure significantly different from the side of more unusual increase in the other side of the low, not even measured. Arteritis may also be involved renal artery, leading to renal artery stenosis. The elderly common atherosclerosis can also be caused by two different upper limb blood pressure significantly.
Renal hypertension was the most common secondary hypertension, which is due to renal vascular or kidney disease caused by the substance of high blood pressure. Responsible for the arterial blood supply to the kidney - renal artery stenosis, lead to renal ischemia, which is one of the major clinical hypertension. The common cause of high blood kidney disease, including substantial nephritis, chronic nephritis Meng kidney, kidney nuclear, systemic disease systemic lupus erythematosus increase of kidney damage, and so on. There are substantive kidney disease patients in addition to clinical hypertension, often in the urine checks may be found in protein, such as abnormal red blood cells or leukocytes.
2. Adrenal diseases caused by high blood pressure
Kidney tens of thousands of small gland - the adrenal hyperplasia is caused by tumors or secondary cause of high blood pressure important. The adrenal cortex is the outside in the middle for the reinforcement of quality. Adrenal hyperplasia or tumors of both diseases main cause each of Cushing syndrome and primary aldosteronism. Cushing's syndrome patients suffering from the excessive secretion of adrenal cortex known as a glucocorticoid material.
In addition to the patients have high blood pressure, obesity often concentric, limbs, muscle wasting, may face the full moon (full moon that face, and the red (sanguine temperament), the inner thighs and abdomen appear purple stripes, skin acne, increased body hair, thickening, Female menstrual disorders and varying degrees of masculinity. Bacteria as a result of other diseases long-term use prednisone, dexamethasone, and other drug treatment of these patients will also be a set of clinical performance. Cushing's syndrome, with clinical features, generally do not Primary and high blood pressure is difficult to identify with.
In primary aldosteronism, the adrenal hormone aldosterone is too much of the material. Aldosterone over a large number of water and sodium retention in the body, thus preventing the potassium in the urine from the increase in emissions. In addition to the patients have high blood pressure, blood when the investigation will find that the high sodium and low potassium, urine examination, urine potassium increased, and urine from the discharge of sodium than the sodium intake in the diet. As the patient appeared weak and hypokalemia, muscle weakness, occasional convulsions and paralysis. More nocturnal also common symptoms. Secondary hypertension caused by the adrenal medulla disease pheochromocytoma. Adrenomedullin intermittent or persistent excessive secretion of epinephrine or norepinephrine. Both substances can speed up the heart rate, blood vessels, so that the patient's blood pressure, seizures or persistent increase in the three common symptoms of the onset of severe headache, sweating, heart palpitations. However, they may not be the one of the three patients at the same time. Other symptoms include pale, nausea, abdominal pain, difficulty breathing, and so on.
3. Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)
Pregnant women generally have higher blood pressure in three situations: ① have been pre-primary or secondary high blood pressure, known as chronic high blood pressure in pregnancy; ② appear high blood pressure during pregnancy, childbirth within three months of the blood pressure returned to normal, that is, pregnancy-induced hypertension; ③ pre-existing high blood pressure; after pregnancy increase blood pressure, said pre-pregnancy induced hypertension and high blood situation. The general diagnosis of pregnancy-induced hypertension is not difficult. Board sign pregnant patients have edema, check there has been a proliferation of protein in urine, that is, there is proteinuria.
4. Hypertension
The increased blood pressure caused by vascular diseases are common coarctation of the aorta, the artery inflammation and atherosclerosis, and so on. Coarctation of the aorta of the upper limb of patients significantly increased blood pressure, low blood pressure and lower limb, or even no blood pressure. Arteritis-prone in young women, which often involved physical side of the artery, blood pressure can be found in the two upper limb blood pressure significantly different from the side of more unusual increase in the other side of the low, not even measured. Arteritis may also be involved renal artery, leading to renal artery stenosis. The elderly common atherosclerosis can also be caused by two different upper limb blood pressure significantly.
A young patients with high blood pressure doubts
25-year-old Wei Ming did not think of how even their own be suffering from high blood pressure. He does not smoke, does not drink, not the body fat, but the hospital several times checking that he is a real patients with high blood pressure.
Their own "rather dubious" suffering from high blood pressure, Wei Ming at a loss. Asked by doctors that his father is serious in patients with high blood pressure, cerebral hemorrhage just passed away not long ago. He was the cause of high blood pressure is caused by the genetic father.
Hypertension is a multifactorial disease of genetic defects, the World Health Organization survey found that high blood pressure would have a family history of high blood pressure occurred in the crowd. Parents have high blood pressure their children to the incidence of hypertension is 45%, parents have high blood pressure only one of their children in the incidence of hypertension was 28%, while the parents had no children of their hypertension incidence of hypertension was only 3%.
Medical experts said that high blood pressure in patients with hereditary There are two types of genes: One is the main disease gene with high blood pressure, growth must occur with age, high blood pressure; second, with high blood pressure, Deputy genes, which were induced in the absence of other factors involved in hypertension Not the disease, but how to shape, or biochemical functions of these genes detected or very difficult.
Wei Ming of such a state of mind of a few patients with high blood pressure, plus it is caused by genetic, more hidden. To remind doctors, whether physical or not good or bad, it is necessary to carry out medical examinations on a regular basis and take preventive measures.
Their own "rather dubious" suffering from high blood pressure, Wei Ming at a loss. Asked by doctors that his father is serious in patients with high blood pressure, cerebral hemorrhage just passed away not long ago. He was the cause of high blood pressure is caused by the genetic father.
Hypertension is a multifactorial disease of genetic defects, the World Health Organization survey found that high blood pressure would have a family history of high blood pressure occurred in the crowd. Parents have high blood pressure their children to the incidence of hypertension is 45%, parents have high blood pressure only one of their children in the incidence of hypertension was 28%, while the parents had no children of their hypertension incidence of hypertension was only 3%.
Medical experts said that high blood pressure in patients with hereditary There are two types of genes: One is the main disease gene with high blood pressure, growth must occur with age, high blood pressure; second, with high blood pressure, Deputy genes, which were induced in the absence of other factors involved in hypertension Not the disease, but how to shape, or biochemical functions of these genes detected or very difficult.
Wei Ming of such a state of mind of a few patients with high blood pressure, plus it is caused by genetic, more hidden. To remind doctors, whether physical or not good or bad, it is necessary to carry out medical examinations on a regular basis and take preventive measures.
alert to endocrine tumors
High blood pressure, obesity ... ... These clinically common chronic diseases can be easily overlooked, however, is likely to lead to their endocrine tumors, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai director of the Center for Guang Ning, a professor of clinical medicine: tumor and other, more endocrine tumors A confusing and complex nature of some cancer developed very quickly. Clinically, many patients have been difficult to control blood pressure, with a variety of drop Pressure drugs are not good results, patients often travel to see a doctor, for a long time to find a pheochromocytoma in the role of endocrine tumors, the persistence of high blood pressure it is only an outward look of this tumor in the incidence of hypertension among Up 1.9 percent.
Research has found that at least 4 kinds of endocrine tumors with high blood pressure, respectively, for tumor growth hormone, Cushing's syndrome, pheochromocytoma, primary aldosteronism aldehydes and ketones. Obesity has become a widespread social problems, of which there is a concentric fat, full moon face to alert patients, suffering from such symptoms may prompt called Cushing's disease pituitary tumor. Guang Ning, a professor pointed out: endocrine tumors, such as high blood pressure caused by the disease through surgery can be cured, for certain surgical resection of the tumor can not exist or metastatic tumor lesions, can also carry out targeted drug treatment, the key is to Early detection, early intervention.
Research has found that at least 4 kinds of endocrine tumors with high blood pressure, respectively, for tumor growth hormone, Cushing's syndrome, pheochromocytoma, primary aldosteronism aldehydes and ketones. Obesity has become a widespread social problems, of which there is a concentric fat, full moon face to alert patients, suffering from such symptoms may prompt called Cushing's disease pituitary tumor. Guang Ning, a professor pointed out: endocrine tumors, such as high blood pressure caused by the disease through surgery can be cured, for certain surgical resection of the tumor can not exist or metastatic tumor lesions, can also carry out targeted drug treatment, the key is to Early detection, early intervention.
Campaign will go on a diet and blood pressure steady
Recently, this reporter found that the market in Nanning, some under various names, the proliferation of so-called "step-down shoes", "step-down instrument", "step-down watch" ... well ... a fire sale, a pair of "step-down shoes," was sold for 300 yuan.
These business means nothing more than the usual one-sided exaggerated his role in the so-called step-down, many people believe, even for the sake of replacing regular medication. Medical experts said that these can only, at best, as "interested in treatment", with the exception of medical treatment, in order to smooth blood pressure, the best way is to diet and exercise.
Speaking of high blood pressure, especially the many young children will be happy, "It does not matter to me." However, as well as to improve people's living standard diet changes in the structure of China's childhood obesity rate increased to 7% of body weight and blood pressure is directly related to obesity incidence of hypertension than those with normal body weight more than 3 times higher. Hypertension in China are younger tend to develop. Prevention and treatment of hypertension should lose weight.
As the saying goes, start with the mouth. To lose weight is to control the diet, adjust the structure of the diet. Obese children's daily calorie intake not more than 1300 kcal, to promote consumption of foods rich in dietary fiber and coarse grains, such as low-calorie food, eating more animal and plant protein such as eggs, lean meat, fish, soy products, such as to ensure growth Development of the necessary amino acids to restrict the intake of fat and less Chi Feirou, cream cake, hamburgers, fried chicken pieces, and so on. At the same time, as far as possible should eat pickled vegetables, fermented bean curd, pickled products such as bacon, as sodium intake increased by 2 times the incidence of hypertension increased by 2 times.
More exercise will help lower blood pressure. Campaign in favor of the extra calories consumed, the metabolism so that a virtuous circle. Pay attention to the small amount of exercise to start, gradually increasing to match their long-term campaign to keep older people to choose low-intensity sports, such as tai chi, aerobics, walking for 15 to 60 minutes, slow swimming, jogging and so on.
Smoking as little as possible. Smoking has been proven to be stroke, coronary heart disease of the most important risk factor. Smoking cough adrenaline to increase in atherosclerosis, rapid heartbeat, blood pressure, blood pressure effects of nicotine and drug efficacy.
Hypertension is a need for life-long treatment of disease, diet and exercise do, in addition to always maintain a good state of mind, not do any work, relaxed mood, blood pressure will be effective.
These business means nothing more than the usual one-sided exaggerated his role in the so-called step-down, many people believe, even for the sake of replacing regular medication. Medical experts said that these can only, at best, as "interested in treatment", with the exception of medical treatment, in order to smooth blood pressure, the best way is to diet and exercise.
Speaking of high blood pressure, especially the many young children will be happy, "It does not matter to me." However, as well as to improve people's living standard diet changes in the structure of China's childhood obesity rate increased to 7% of body weight and blood pressure is directly related to obesity incidence of hypertension than those with normal body weight more than 3 times higher. Hypertension in China are younger tend to develop. Prevention and treatment of hypertension should lose weight.
As the saying goes, start with the mouth. To lose weight is to control the diet, adjust the structure of the diet. Obese children's daily calorie intake not more than 1300 kcal, to promote consumption of foods rich in dietary fiber and coarse grains, such as low-calorie food, eating more animal and plant protein such as eggs, lean meat, fish, soy products, such as to ensure growth Development of the necessary amino acids to restrict the intake of fat and less Chi Feirou, cream cake, hamburgers, fried chicken pieces, and so on. At the same time, as far as possible should eat pickled vegetables, fermented bean curd, pickled products such as bacon, as sodium intake increased by 2 times the incidence of hypertension increased by 2 times.
More exercise will help lower blood pressure. Campaign in favor of the extra calories consumed, the metabolism so that a virtuous circle. Pay attention to the small amount of exercise to start, gradually increasing to match their long-term campaign to keep older people to choose low-intensity sports, such as tai chi, aerobics, walking for 15 to 60 minutes, slow swimming, jogging and so on.
Smoking as little as possible. Smoking has been proven to be stroke, coronary heart disease of the most important risk factor. Smoking cough adrenaline to increase in atherosclerosis, rapid heartbeat, blood pressure, blood pressure effects of nicotine and drug efficacy.
Hypertension is a need for life-long treatment of disease, diet and exercise do, in addition to always maintain a good state of mind, not do any work, relaxed mood, blood pressure will be effective.
Hypertension and its hazards
Hypertension is a long-term gradual progress of chronic disease, often in patients with dizziness, headache, palpitation, insomnia and other symptoms, such as timely treatment, high blood pressure will eventually lead to heart, brain, kidney and vascular diseases, such as a series of serious threats to life and health Complications.
Hypertension is characterized by arterial blood pressure, with the heart, blood vessels, kidneys, brain and organ function or organic change The systemic disease. In our country, hypertension is a major direct complications of cerebral vascular disease, particularly cerebral hemorrhage. A group of 312 cases of hospitalization in patients with essential hypertension after 15 years -18 years, long-term follow-up, as the heart, brain and kidney complications in 97 cases of death, accounting for 74.6 percent of all causes of death. 596 cases of hypertension in the older-looking 27-month follow-up study, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease cumulative incidence rate of 68.79 percent, the cumulative incidence of cerebrovascular disease was 36.91 percent. Research shows that the higher the blood pressure, the incidence of complications was also higher. Baoshan District of Shanghai 5456 people over the age of 15 on the relationship between blood pressure and stroke incidence study showed that 9 years of follow-up, high blood pressure patients with cerebrovascular disease occurs throughout the crowd about the number of cerebrovascular disease occurred in 70% patients diagnosed with high blood pressure The relative risk of cerebrovascular disease is a normal blood pressure are 32 times as high blood pressure was also critical of up to 9 times.
At the same time, high blood pressure and atherosclerosis is an important risk factor. Capital Iron and Steel Company workers of the survey data showed that patients with hypertension prevalence rate of myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease incidence is normal blood pressure were 2.8 times and 3.5 times.
In addition, high blood pressure can lead to heart, brain, kidney and a variety of vascular lesions, the occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy, congestive heart failure, aortic dissection, chronic renal failure, and other serious and life-threatening health complications. Patients with high blood pressure should be treated in a timely manner.
China has had hypertension 3rd sample survey results show that: my blood pressure every 10 years, prevalence increased by about 25% of the country is currently estimated that the number of patients has more than 100,000,000. As a result, strengthen the publicity of high blood pressure for Disease Control and Prevention will help control the rising prevalence of high blood pressure, prevent and control high blood pressure complications and reduce disability and mortality, to improve the quality of life of patients.
Hypertension is characterized by arterial blood pressure, with the heart, blood vessels, kidneys, brain and organ function or organic change The systemic disease. In our country, hypertension is a major direct complications of cerebral vascular disease, particularly cerebral hemorrhage. A group of 312 cases of hospitalization in patients with essential hypertension after 15 years -18 years, long-term follow-up, as the heart, brain and kidney complications in 97 cases of death, accounting for 74.6 percent of all causes of death. 596 cases of hypertension in the older-looking 27-month follow-up study, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease cumulative incidence rate of 68.79 percent, the cumulative incidence of cerebrovascular disease was 36.91 percent. Research shows that the higher the blood pressure, the incidence of complications was also higher. Baoshan District of Shanghai 5456 people over the age of 15 on the relationship between blood pressure and stroke incidence study showed that 9 years of follow-up, high blood pressure patients with cerebrovascular disease occurs throughout the crowd about the number of cerebrovascular disease occurred in 70% patients diagnosed with high blood pressure The relative risk of cerebrovascular disease is a normal blood pressure are 32 times as high blood pressure was also critical of up to 9 times.
At the same time, high blood pressure and atherosclerosis is an important risk factor. Capital Iron and Steel Company workers of the survey data showed that patients with hypertension prevalence rate of myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease incidence is normal blood pressure were 2.8 times and 3.5 times.
In addition, high blood pressure can lead to heart, brain, kidney and a variety of vascular lesions, the occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy, congestive heart failure, aortic dissection, chronic renal failure, and other serious and life-threatening health complications. Patients with high blood pressure should be treated in a timely manner.
China has had hypertension 3rd sample survey results show that: my blood pressure every 10 years, prevalence increased by about 25% of the country is currently estimated that the number of patients has more than 100,000,000. As a result, strengthen the publicity of high blood pressure for Disease Control and Prevention will help control the rising prevalence of high blood pressure, prevent and control high blood pressure complications and reduce disability and mortality, to improve the quality of life of patients.
The cost of the treatment of blood pressure control rate does not matter
To spend the money more than 1600 yuan treatment of high blood pressure medication, and had to spend several hundred dollars of drug money to the same treatment. Today in Beijing's five 3rd International Symposium on cardiovascular disease, Ahn Jung-Beijing Hospital of experts who recently published a study done, the results showed that: the treatment of blood pressure control rate and the cost of hospital treatment of the size of the level, there is no Directly.
The "step-down therapy in patients with high blood pressure, Beijing and the cost of related factors", from the city's 18 districts and counties have chosen 39 hospitals, all sizes, and then on to the doctor for medical treatment, where nearly 2,400 Patients with high blood pressure were investigated. The results showed that patients with high blood pressure in the city's out-patient treatment, 1 year is 748.9 yuan per capita spending, which accounts for more than 80% of drugs, for the rest of the examination fee.
An average of three major hospitals costs of the treatment of patients with the highest blood pressure, blood pressure, where the annual per capita out-patient treatment is 1613 yuan, higher than many mid-level II hospital. In the second hospital, just to spend 760 yuan; and small hospitals, that is, lower-level hospitals, is 667.2 yuan. The three-level hospital treatment of high blood pressure is higher than the cost of secondary and a hospital, the use of relatively more expensive antihypertensive drugs is the main reason. Investigation showed that in the hospital, patients with high blood pressure drug price ratio of 70%, while in a hospital while low blood pressure drugs mainly.
In the survey, different levels of hospital patients to control blood pressure rate does not exist significant differences in blood pressure control rate in patients with the treatment of their medical costs and hospital level, not directly related to the size, that is your medicine and cheap drugs The step-down effect almost. Those being investigated in patients with blood pressure control rate of 32.2 percent, so experts believe that the law in the use of drug therapy under the prerequisite of a good way of life is an important factor in controlling blood pressure.
China's large number of patients with hypertension, only 5 per person in Beijing, there is a high blood pressure patients, many of the current health care costs is not adequate. As a result, experts involved in the investigation initiated doctors, in particular, doctors at major hospitals to make full use of low-cost blood pressure drugs. At the same time, they also emphasized that non-pharmacological treatment is economical and effective measures to control high blood pressure important.
The "step-down therapy in patients with high blood pressure, Beijing and the cost of related factors", from the city's 18 districts and counties have chosen 39 hospitals, all sizes, and then on to the doctor for medical treatment, where nearly 2,400 Patients with high blood pressure were investigated. The results showed that patients with high blood pressure in the city's out-patient treatment, 1 year is 748.9 yuan per capita spending, which accounts for more than 80% of drugs, for the rest of the examination fee.
An average of three major hospitals costs of the treatment of patients with the highest blood pressure, blood pressure, where the annual per capita out-patient treatment is 1613 yuan, higher than many mid-level II hospital. In the second hospital, just to spend 760 yuan; and small hospitals, that is, lower-level hospitals, is 667.2 yuan. The three-level hospital treatment of high blood pressure is higher than the cost of secondary and a hospital, the use of relatively more expensive antihypertensive drugs is the main reason. Investigation showed that in the hospital, patients with high blood pressure drug price ratio of 70%, while in a hospital while low blood pressure drugs mainly.
In the survey, different levels of hospital patients to control blood pressure rate does not exist significant differences in blood pressure control rate in patients with the treatment of their medical costs and hospital level, not directly related to the size, that is your medicine and cheap drugs The step-down effect almost. Those being investigated in patients with blood pressure control rate of 32.2 percent, so experts believe that the law in the use of drug therapy under the prerequisite of a good way of life is an important factor in controlling blood pressure.
China's large number of patients with hypertension, only 5 per person in Beijing, there is a high blood pressure patients, many of the current health care costs is not adequate. As a result, experts involved in the investigation initiated doctors, in particular, doctors at major hospitals to make full use of low-cost blood pressure drugs. At the same time, they also emphasized that non-pharmacological treatment is economical and effective measures to control high blood pressure important.
2008-09-17
Concern Hypertension: Regular physical exercise will help ease the symptoms
adhere to the laws of physical exercise to decrease blood pressure, improve heart and lung function, reduce stress, promote the rehabilitation of patients with hypertension, alleviating symptoms.
Hebei Province, an associate researcher at Center for Disease Control and Prevention said Sun Ji, patients with hypertension should adhere to aerobic sports, exercise a week at least 3-5 times, each time for about 30 minutes. If 30 minutes a sustained campaign difficulties, there are more Times, each movement 10 to 15 minutes, a total of 30 minutes a day can be. Patients can be in accordance with their own physical condition, personal preferences and the actual conditions, choose the right sport. May choose to take a walk, quickly walking, jogging, cycling, hiking, tai chi, aerobics, dancing, etc., should not be chosen too keen sports.
Physical exercise should vary from person to person, there is no movement or Guoduopilao obviously does not apply to restrictions. Exercise intensity should be weak after the strong, as long as the scope to achieve an effective heart rate, heart rate does not exceed the maximum heart rate (maximum heart rate = 220 - Age) of 60%. For older, high blood pressure or other complications, should be based on specific circumstances appropriate to reduce exercise intensity, particularly in the campaign to avoid accidents. Acute or severe cardiovascular disease, physical exercise should be suspended.
Hebei Province, an associate researcher at Center for Disease Control and Prevention said Sun Ji, patients with hypertension should adhere to aerobic sports, exercise a week at least 3-5 times, each time for about 30 minutes. If 30 minutes a sustained campaign difficulties, there are more Times, each movement 10 to 15 minutes, a total of 30 minutes a day can be. Patients can be in accordance with their own physical condition, personal preferences and the actual conditions, choose the right sport. May choose to take a walk, quickly walking, jogging, cycling, hiking, tai chi, aerobics, dancing, etc., should not be chosen too keen sports.
Physical exercise should vary from person to person, there is no movement or Guoduopilao obviously does not apply to restrictions. Exercise intensity should be weak after the strong, as long as the scope to achieve an effective heart rate, heart rate does not exceed the maximum heart rate (maximum heart rate = 220 - Age) of 60%. For older, high blood pressure or other complications, should be based on specific circumstances appropriate to reduce exercise intensity, particularly in the campaign to avoid accidents. Acute or severe cardiovascular disease, physical exercise should be suspended.
German scientists: hypertension accelerate the aging of the human brain
-- Berlin, February 24 (Xinhua Liu Xiang) German scientists found that hypertension lead to the normal brain aging process becomes faster, thus hypertensive patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease risk may be higher than ordinary people.
When people enter middle age, the brain cells to reduce, reduce weight, and start shrinking. DPA reported that on the 24th, the German Max Planck Institute for Education Institute, Professor Ullman Lindenberger and colleagues selected a total of 72 aged between 20 to 70-year-old adults as subjects, some of these people Suffering from hypertension.
Researchers nuclear spin through the X-ray tomography observation devices found in the study of the human brain 12 in 11 regions in the volume of narrow phenomenon. In patients with hypertension, and memory-related regions such as the hippocampus shrinkage was particularly serious, and the longer history of hypertension, brain atrophy in the more obvious.
Lindenberger said, high blood pressure than people think the more dangerous, high blood pressure patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease risk may be greater. At present, Lindenberger is working with colleagues in the second experiment, changes in brain research and psychological changes in the relationship between.
When people enter middle age, the brain cells to reduce, reduce weight, and start shrinking. DPA reported that on the 24th, the German Max Planck Institute for Education Institute, Professor Ullman Lindenberger and colleagues selected a total of 72 aged between 20 to 70-year-old adults as subjects, some of these people Suffering from hypertension.
Researchers nuclear spin through the X-ray tomography observation devices found in the study of the human brain 12 in 11 regions in the volume of narrow phenomenon. In patients with hypertension, and memory-related regions such as the hippocampus shrinkage was particularly serious, and the longer history of hypertension, brain atrophy in the more obvious.
Lindenberger said, high blood pressure than people think the more dangerous, high blood pressure patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease risk may be greater. At present, Lindenberger is working with colleagues in the second experiment, changes in brain research and psychological changes in the relationship between.
Hypertension of the reasons for poor results
Some patients with hypertension, antihypertensive drug taking down a few months, are not effective, their main reasons are as follows:
One, not directed, did not insist on drugs. Some patients often forget or medication as directed, the medication from time to time, random changes in drug and dose. Some patients taking after a period of time, consciously or reduce the symptoms disappear, so do not continue taking the drug. So, medication Tingting clothes clothes, "the three-day fishing, two days of drying net", hardly realize that such a practice is detrimental to health. In order to ensure medication as directed, patients themselves should first of all ideologically attached great importance to take seriously.
Second, not cure the disease. Some patients suffering from hypertension is secondary. Secondary hypertension is due to other diseases caused by hypertension. High blood pressure is a symptom of the disease. If it does not cure the disease of the original, pure relief measures taken, there is no effect. Therefore, the age of onset lighter, especially in the under 30 years of age, history of the kidneys, the blood pressure suddenly increased and no family history, to consider whether and A secondary hypertension, or itself is a secondary hypertensive patients, such patients should be treated the first incidence, once the primary disease Well, naturally blood pressure returned to normal range.
3, neglect to make life, not eliminate incentives. Increased blood pressure caused many of the factors. Therefore, spare the ideal level of blood pressure control, can not simply rely on drug treatment and must take a healthy lifestyle and eliminate negative incentives (such as life without laws, overworked, lack of sleep, excessive amount of salt in the diet, smoking,spirit of tension, feelings of depression, lack of exercise and obesity, etc.), or even more use of antihypertensive drugs, often to be ineffective.
Fourth, inappropriate medication. Different patients with hypertension, its causes and incidence of different conditions, their treatment is not the same principle. At present, anti-hypertension drugs wide range of complex mechanisms, it is difficult to use a unified model to treat everyone. Today, more generally recognized principles are: the condition and characteristics of the election drugs combined. The light in patients with hypertension, use of sedative drugs in sports, physical therapy, acupuncture therapy, and other comprehensive measures invalid Under the circumstances, the small side-effects of Western medicine or Chinese herbal medicine compound preparation. In addition , The weight of a drug test is only one aspect, if the role of different drugs combined, we can improve the curative effect. Taking into account the amount of a drug if the larger, their side effects may also be larger, so most experts recommend using a small dose from a variety of antihypertensive drug compatibility into the compound preparation.
One, not directed, did not insist on drugs. Some patients often forget or medication as directed, the medication from time to time, random changes in drug and dose. Some patients taking after a period of time, consciously or reduce the symptoms disappear, so do not continue taking the drug. So, medication Tingting clothes clothes, "the three-day fishing, two days of drying net", hardly realize that such a practice is detrimental to health. In order to ensure medication as directed, patients themselves should first of all ideologically attached great importance to take seriously.
Second, not cure the disease. Some patients suffering from hypertension is secondary. Secondary hypertension is due to other diseases caused by hypertension. High blood pressure is a symptom of the disease. If it does not cure the disease of the original, pure relief measures taken, there is no effect. Therefore, the age of onset lighter, especially in the under 30 years of age, history of the kidneys, the blood pressure suddenly increased and no family history, to consider whether and A secondary hypertension, or itself is a secondary hypertensive patients, such patients should be treated the first incidence, once the primary disease Well, naturally blood pressure returned to normal range.
3, neglect to make life, not eliminate incentives. Increased blood pressure caused many of the factors. Therefore, spare the ideal level of blood pressure control, can not simply rely on drug treatment and must take a healthy lifestyle and eliminate negative incentives (such as life without laws, overworked, lack of sleep, excessive amount of salt in the diet, smoking,spirit of tension, feelings of depression, lack of exercise and obesity, etc.), or even more use of antihypertensive drugs, often to be ineffective.
Fourth, inappropriate medication. Different patients with hypertension, its causes and incidence of different conditions, their treatment is not the same principle. At present, anti-hypertension drugs wide range of complex mechanisms, it is difficult to use a unified model to treat everyone. Today, more generally recognized principles are: the condition and characteristics of the election drugs combined. The light in patients with hypertension, use of sedative drugs in sports, physical therapy, acupuncture therapy, and other comprehensive measures invalid Under the circumstances, the small side-effects of Western medicine or Chinese herbal medicine compound preparation. In addition , The weight of a drug test is only one aspect, if the role of different drugs combined, we can improve the curative effect. Taking into account the amount of a drug if the larger, their side effects may also be larger, so most experts recommend using a small dose from a variety of antihypertensive drug compatibility into the compound preparation.
2008-09-16
Hypertensive emergency first aid
Patients with hypertension or blood pressure significantly increased Jizhou, brain, heart, kidney, retina and other vital organs in special symptoms, known as hypertensive emergency.
The incidence of acute hypertension accounted for 5 percent of hypertensive patients, a common hypertension encephalopathy, cerebral hemorrhage, acute left ventricular failure, Clonidine acute withdrawal syndrome, acute myocardial infarction, aggressive type of malignant hypertension, and so on.
Medical experts suggest that family members if the sudden high blood pressure, should be based on the following symptoms, first aid accordingly:
1, the patient suddenly palpitations shortness of breath, was Duanzuo respiratory status, lips cyanosis, physical activity out of order, with pink bubble-like sputum, 10, to consider the acute left ventricular failure, patients should be told both legs down and take seats, such as oxygen available Bags, oxygen inhalation timely and promptly notify the first-aid center.
2, blood pressure suddenly increased, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, intense headache, flustered, frequency and even blurred vision, even in hypertensive encephalopathy. Family members to comfort patients pull, bed rest, and promptly take antihypertensive drugs, diuretics can also be another service, such as sedatives.
3, the patient tired or excited, in angina, or heart failure or acute myocardial infarction, heart before the pain, chest tightness, and extending to the neck, left shoulder or upper back, looking pale and a cold sweat, at this time should be The patient is quiet rest, nitroglycerin or serving a one-amyl nitrite and oxygen inhalation.
4, the incidence of hypertension patients, will be accompanied by cerebrovascular accident, with the exception of headache, vomiting, unconsciousness or even paralysis of limbs, at this time to let the patient sits flat side of the first preference, so as to avoid disturbance of consciousness, vomiting or severe vomiting when Inhalation of the airway, and then notify the first-aid center.
The incidence of acute hypertension accounted for 5 percent of hypertensive patients, a common hypertension encephalopathy, cerebral hemorrhage, acute left ventricular failure, Clonidine acute withdrawal syndrome, acute myocardial infarction, aggressive type of malignant hypertension, and so on.
Medical experts suggest that family members if the sudden high blood pressure, should be based on the following symptoms, first aid accordingly:
1, the patient suddenly palpitations shortness of breath, was Duanzuo respiratory status, lips cyanosis, physical activity out of order, with pink bubble-like sputum, 10, to consider the acute left ventricular failure, patients should be told both legs down and take seats, such as oxygen available Bags, oxygen inhalation timely and promptly notify the first-aid center.
2, blood pressure suddenly increased, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, intense headache, flustered, frequency and even blurred vision, even in hypertensive encephalopathy. Family members to comfort patients pull, bed rest, and promptly take antihypertensive drugs, diuretics can also be another service, such as sedatives.
3, the patient tired or excited, in angina, or heart failure or acute myocardial infarction, heart before the pain, chest tightness, and extending to the neck, left shoulder or upper back, looking pale and a cold sweat, at this time should be The patient is quiet rest, nitroglycerin or serving a one-amyl nitrite and oxygen inhalation.
4, the incidence of hypertension patients, will be accompanied by cerebrovascular accident, with the exception of headache, vomiting, unconsciousness or even paralysis of limbs, at this time to let the patient sits flat side of the first preference, so as to avoid disturbance of consciousness, vomiting or severe vomiting when Inhalation of the airway, and then notify the first-aid center.
Hypertension common clinical manifestations
Onset hypertension in accordance with priorities and progress of disease, clinical ease into the sub-type radical hypertension and malignant hypertension-two. Ease into the comparison of hypertension Most of about 95 percent, the onset of misprision of illness slow development, course as long as 10 to 20 years or more, often without any symptoms early, check in occasionally found high blood pressure, individual patients can suddenly A cerebral hemorrhage, were not found at this time of hypertension. Hypertension is often both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood pressure initially volatile, vulnerable in the spirit of tension and emotional exhaustion after the increased volatility or to remove or cause to rest after blood pressure returned to normal. With the development of hypertension to normal by the rest can not, need clothes antihypertensive drug treatment, systolic blood pressure increased significantly, often prompted to atherosclerosis.
Early performance of patients with hypertension can be a headache, dizziness, tinnitus, palpitations, confusion, attention is not focused, memory decline, hands and feet numb, unable to fatigue, irritability and other symptoms easily, these symptoms for more advanced nerve dysfunction caused by its severity and blood pressure Higher level can be inconsistent.
The latter part of regular blood pressure continued at a relatively high level, and with brain, heart, kidney and other damage to the target organ performance. These organs are damaged can directly damage caused by hypertension, can also be indirectly, through accelerated atherosclerosis disease have caused. These early target organ damage can be asymptomatic, resulting in dysfunction and even failure. Such as high blood pressure caused brain damage, can cause temporary cerebral vasospasm, headache dizziness increase, a transient blindness, limb Half failure, and other activities, continued for a few minutes or hours can be resumed, may also occur cerebral hemorrhage. First, the damage to the heart of the heart to expand, after the left heart failure, chest tightness can occur, short breath, coughing and other symptoms. When kidney damage, visible or more urine at night to increase the number of urine, when serious kidney failure, may have Niaoshao, no urine, loss of appetite, nausea and other symptoms.
Early performance of patients with hypertension can be a headache, dizziness, tinnitus, palpitations, confusion, attention is not focused, memory decline, hands and feet numb, unable to fatigue, irritability and other symptoms easily, these symptoms for more advanced nerve dysfunction caused by its severity and blood pressure Higher level can be inconsistent.
The latter part of regular blood pressure continued at a relatively high level, and with brain, heart, kidney and other damage to the target organ performance. These organs are damaged can directly damage caused by hypertension, can also be indirectly, through accelerated atherosclerosis disease have caused. These early target organ damage can be asymptomatic, resulting in dysfunction and even failure. Such as high blood pressure caused brain damage, can cause temporary cerebral vasospasm, headache dizziness increase, a transient blindness, limb Half failure, and other activities, continued for a few minutes or hours can be resumed, may also occur cerebral hemorrhage. First, the damage to the heart of the heart to expand, after the left heart failure, chest tightness can occur, short breath, coughing and other symptoms. When kidney damage, visible or more urine at night to increase the number of urine, when serious kidney failure, may have Niaoshao, no urine, loss of appetite, nausea and other symptoms.
The complications of hypertension
Patients with hypertension because of persistent elevated blood pressure, arteriosclerosis caused small body, thus affecting the blood supply to tissues and organs, causing serious consequences, as the complications of hypertension. In the various complications of high blood pressure, heart, brain and kidney damage to the most significant.
First, cerebral vascular accident cerebrovascular accident, also known as stroke, disease potential ferocity, extremely high fatality rate, even if not dead, the majority of disabled, is the most acute cerebrovascular disease a ferocious. The higher the blood pressure in patients with hypertension, the higher the incidence of stroke. Patients with hypertension have the pathological existence of atherosclerosis, such as cerebral arteriosclerosis to a certain degree, with a time of excitement or over-excitement, such as anger, sudden incidents, strenuous exercise, so that Jizhou elevated blood pressure, cerebral vascular Bleeding, blood vessels will overflow into the surrounding brain tissue, at this time, the patient immediately unconscious, or with the dumping, so-called stroke. All patients with hypertension in excessive force, anger, emotional incentive, there dizziness, headache, nausea, numbness, fatigue and other symptoms, suspected to be a high degree of stroke may be, at this time, patients should be immediately sent to hospital for an examination.
Second, arteriosclerosis and renal uremic hypertension and renal failure about 10 percent. High blood pressure and kidney have close and complex relationship, on the one hand, high blood pressure cause kidney damage, kidney damage on the other hand increased hypertension. High blood pressure and kidney damage can affect each other, forming a vicious cycle. Jizhou the development of high blood pressure can cause a wide range of diffuse renal artery disease, leading to malignant renal arteriosclerosis, for the rapid development of uremia.
Third, hypertensive heart disease and arterial pressure continued to rise, increasing burden on the heart, a compensatory left ventricular hypertrophy. Hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy, that is, formation of hypertensive heart disease. The disease eventually lead to heart failure.
4, coronary heart disease can cause blood pressure changes in myocardial oxygen supply and oxygen demand imbalance between the smooth. Continued to increase blood pressure in patients with hypertension, left ventricular after load increased, myocardial strong increase in myocardial oxygen consumption increases, the merger of coronary atherosclerosis, coronary flow reserve function, myocardial oxygen supply reduction, resulting in angina , Myocardial infarction, heart failure, and so on.
Despite the complications of hypertension incidence Jizhou, dangerous conditions, but not not prevent. The prevention of hypertension complications to the attention of:
1, to control blood pressure in a relatively stable range. In recent years show that, as long as proper control of hypertension, the incidence of complications of high blood pressure can be decreased significantly. For blood pressure stable, it is necessary to long-term medication.
2, to exclude all risk factors, quit bad habits.
3, control the salt content, reasonable dietary pattern.
4, adhere to physical activity, regular health checks.
First, cerebral vascular accident cerebrovascular accident, also known as stroke, disease potential ferocity, extremely high fatality rate, even if not dead, the majority of disabled, is the most acute cerebrovascular disease a ferocious. The higher the blood pressure in patients with hypertension, the higher the incidence of stroke. Patients with hypertension have the pathological existence of atherosclerosis, such as cerebral arteriosclerosis to a certain degree, with a time of excitement or over-excitement, such as anger, sudden incidents, strenuous exercise, so that Jizhou elevated blood pressure, cerebral vascular Bleeding, blood vessels will overflow into the surrounding brain tissue, at this time, the patient immediately unconscious, or with the dumping, so-called stroke. All patients with hypertension in excessive force, anger, emotional incentive, there dizziness, headache, nausea, numbness, fatigue and other symptoms, suspected to be a high degree of stroke may be, at this time, patients should be immediately sent to hospital for an examination.
Second, arteriosclerosis and renal uremic hypertension and renal failure about 10 percent. High blood pressure and kidney have close and complex relationship, on the one hand, high blood pressure cause kidney damage, kidney damage on the other hand increased hypertension. High blood pressure and kidney damage can affect each other, forming a vicious cycle. Jizhou the development of high blood pressure can cause a wide range of diffuse renal artery disease, leading to malignant renal arteriosclerosis, for the rapid development of uremia.
Third, hypertensive heart disease and arterial pressure continued to rise, increasing burden on the heart, a compensatory left ventricular hypertrophy. Hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy, that is, formation of hypertensive heart disease. The disease eventually lead to heart failure.
4, coronary heart disease can cause blood pressure changes in myocardial oxygen supply and oxygen demand imbalance between the smooth. Continued to increase blood pressure in patients with hypertension, left ventricular after load increased, myocardial strong increase in myocardial oxygen consumption increases, the merger of coronary atherosclerosis, coronary flow reserve function, myocardial oxygen supply reduction, resulting in angina , Myocardial infarction, heart failure, and so on.
Despite the complications of hypertension incidence Jizhou, dangerous conditions, but not not prevent. The prevention of hypertension complications to the attention of:
1, to control blood pressure in a relatively stable range. In recent years show that, as long as proper control of hypertension, the incidence of complications of high blood pressure can be decreased significantly. For blood pressure stable, it is necessary to long-term medication.
2, to exclude all risk factors, quit bad habits.
3, control the salt content, reasonable dietary pattern.
4, adhere to physical activity, regular health checks.
2008-09-15
Hypertensive patients daily notes
If it is found that the blood pressure, then there is a need for further checks to clear in the end is essential hypertension, or hypertension, or secondary hypertension. Hypertension is not yet very clear cause, and blood pressure continued to increase as the main clinical manifestations of a disease, hypertension is secondary to certain diseases (such as nephritis, hyperthyroidism, encephalopathy, etc.) a symptom, So also known as the symptoms of hypertension. Our common to the hypertension generally refers to the former. However, these doctors must be requested consultations before we can make the right diagnosis.
Patients on the hospital, a cardiovascular medicine, doctors complaining of illness, you should not be confined to believe and hypertension-related symptoms, but should be comprehensive account of his physical condition, as far as possible, the incidence of these symptoms memories of the agenda.
Hypertension patients need long-term medication, in order to get the best effect and reducing the adverse reaction to remind patients with hypertension note the following: in drug treatment at the same time, do not relax the non-drug treatment. Two of the combination, to enhance the efficacy, but also reduce the dosage. What is more important non-drug therapy for coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, cancer prevention and treatment, and so a very good role. Do not forget there is Guxun: "The doctor died of the disease, happiness, diet, exercise." Before the medication must be on their illness and drug performance and may cause adverse reactions have a basic understanding of significant adverse reactions, should immediately withdrawal and the hospital advisory. Older people sometimes forget medication or made a mistake, especially when taking several drugs at the same time, you can set out a table, identify the name of the drug, the division of medication and when, posted on the eye-catching places.
Patients on the hospital, a cardiovascular medicine, doctors complaining of illness, you should not be confined to believe and hypertension-related symptoms, but should be comprehensive account of his physical condition, as far as possible, the incidence of these symptoms memories of the agenda.
Hypertension patients need long-term medication, in order to get the best effect and reducing the adverse reaction to remind patients with hypertension note the following: in drug treatment at the same time, do not relax the non-drug treatment. Two of the combination, to enhance the efficacy, but also reduce the dosage. What is more important non-drug therapy for coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, cancer prevention and treatment, and so a very good role. Do not forget there is Guxun: "The doctor died of the disease, happiness, diet, exercise." Before the medication must be on their illness and drug performance and may cause adverse reactions have a basic understanding of significant adverse reactions, should immediately withdrawal and the hospital advisory. Older people sometimes forget medication or made a mistake, especially when taking several drugs at the same time, you can set out a table, identify the name of the drug, the division of medication and when, posted on the eye-catching places.
What people susceptible to hypertension
A recent sample survey showed that the long-term tension in the spirit of the accounting, drivers and obesity, perturbation more salt and some other people who belong to the high incidence of hypertension in the crowd.
Obese people suffering from hypertension risk is relatively high, they recently conducted a sample survey showed that more than 25 years of age, the age of 40 following the crowd, under normal weight prevalence rate of only 11.3 percent, while obesity prevalence rate of 44.5 % 40-year-old to 60 years of age, the normal weight for the 29.1 percent prevalence rate, and obesity as high as 54.1 percent; over 60 years of age, normal body weight, the prevalence rate to 54.2% , And obesity as high as 72.1 percent.
The survey also found that those suffering from nervous hypertension more. In the spirit of the vocational high tension, such as pilots, securities brokers, conductor, accounting and other people, if the lack of physical exercise, the risk of hypertension.
Salt intake is a more prominent people, such people with a higher risk of hypertension, it is because of high blood pressure can increase sodium, hyponatremia can help reduce blood pressure, and high calcium diet can reduce high-K The incidence of hypertension. Clinical observation that in patients with severe restrictions on perturbation of salt, blood pressure dropped.
Hypertension has obvious genetic characteristics, so parents are also suffering from hypertension hypertension in the high risk group. With a family in a number of patients with hypertension, not only because they have the same lifestyle and, more importantly, there is genetic. In addition, long-term drinking smokers, more animal fat intake, are also high-risk population of patients with hypertension.
Obese people suffering from hypertension risk is relatively high, they recently conducted a sample survey showed that more than 25 years of age, the age of 40 following the crowd, under normal weight prevalence rate of only 11.3 percent, while obesity prevalence rate of 44.5 % 40-year-old to 60 years of age, the normal weight for the 29.1 percent prevalence rate, and obesity as high as 54.1 percent; over 60 years of age, normal body weight, the prevalence rate to 54.2% , And obesity as high as 72.1 percent.
The survey also found that those suffering from nervous hypertension more. In the spirit of the vocational high tension, such as pilots, securities brokers, conductor, accounting and other people, if the lack of physical exercise, the risk of hypertension.
Salt intake is a more prominent people, such people with a higher risk of hypertension, it is because of high blood pressure can increase sodium, hyponatremia can help reduce blood pressure, and high calcium diet can reduce high-K The incidence of hypertension. Clinical observation that in patients with severe restrictions on perturbation of salt, blood pressure dropped.
Hypertension has obvious genetic characteristics, so parents are also suffering from hypertension hypertension in the high risk group. With a family in a number of patients with hypertension, not only because they have the same lifestyle and, more importantly, there is genetic. In addition, long-term drinking smokers, more animal fat intake, are also high-risk population of patients with hypertension.
Hypertension Summary
With the medical knowledge of health care continue to increase, we more and more of their health care. Many people also very concerned about their blood pressure is normal and is not suffering from hypertension »In introducing the definition of hypertension before the first to find out what is blood pressure» refers to the so-called blood pressure in blood vessels within the flow of the blood vessel wall of the lateral pressure . Is an increase in arterial pressure for the characteristics of the disease, with the device in the brachial artery on the measured values to express to mmHg (mm Hg) or kPa (kPa) for the unit, which is blood pressure. Peacetime said the systolic and diastolic blood pressure included. Systolic blood pressure is in the heart contraction, blood vessel wall on the side of pressure in diastolic blood pressure is diastolic heart, blood vessel walls of the lateral pressure. Medical records blood pressure, such as 120/80 mmHg, then to 120 mmHg systolic blood pressure, 80 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure. According to the international unit said "kPa" (kPa), the conversion method: 1 mmHg (mm Hg) = 0.133 kPa (kPa), then 120/80 mmHg or 16/10.6 kPa.
According to the World Health Organization (Who) recommended the use of the standard blood pressure is: Where normal adult systolic blood pressure should be less than or equal to 140 mmHg (18.6kPa), diastolic blood pressure less than or equal to 90 mmHg (12kPa). If the adult systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 160 mmHg (21.3kPa), diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 95 mmHg (12.6kPa) for hypertension; blood pressure in the above between the two, that is, systolic blood pressure in the 141-159 mmHg (18. 9-21.2kPa), and diastolic blood pressure in the 91-94 mmHg (12.1-12.5kPa) between. Critical for hypertension. Diagnosis of high blood pressure, blood pressure measurements must be repeated at least twice the average diastolic blood pressure in 90 mmHg (12.0kPa) or more can be diagnosed with high blood pressure. Only a high blood pressure are not yet confirmed, subject to follow-up observation.
Blood pressure and the formation of the factors relating to this «first by an average of filling the circulatory system affect is that there is no heart beat, the whole body will gradually stop the blood flow, blood vessel, the pressure points to a similar value, the value of the circulatory system Filling the average, normal is about 6 mmHg (0.8kPa). Also affected by heart throb, heart ejection into the artery and peripheral vascular resistance closely related to the higher peripheral resistance, the higher blood pressure.
Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular disease, is also one of the largest epidemic, often caused heart, brain, kidney and other organ complications, serious harm to human health, raise the awareness of hypertension, in the early Prevention and treatment are of paramount importance.
According to the World Health Organization (Who) recommended the use of the standard blood pressure is: Where normal adult systolic blood pressure should be less than or equal to 140 mmHg (18.6kPa), diastolic blood pressure less than or equal to 90 mmHg (12kPa). If the adult systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 160 mmHg (21.3kPa), diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 95 mmHg (12.6kPa) for hypertension; blood pressure in the above between the two, that is, systolic blood pressure in the 141-159 mmHg (18. 9-21.2kPa), and diastolic blood pressure in the 91-94 mmHg (12.1-12.5kPa) between. Critical for hypertension. Diagnosis of high blood pressure, blood pressure measurements must be repeated at least twice the average diastolic blood pressure in 90 mmHg (12.0kPa) or more can be diagnosed with high blood pressure. Only a high blood pressure are not yet confirmed, subject to follow-up observation.
Blood pressure and the formation of the factors relating to this «first by an average of filling the circulatory system affect is that there is no heart beat, the whole body will gradually stop the blood flow, blood vessel, the pressure points to a similar value, the value of the circulatory system Filling the average, normal is about 6 mmHg (0.8kPa). Also affected by heart throb, heart ejection into the artery and peripheral vascular resistance closely related to the higher peripheral resistance, the higher blood pressure.
Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular disease, is also one of the largest epidemic, often caused heart, brain, kidney and other organ complications, serious harm to human health, raise the awareness of hypertension, in the early Prevention and treatment are of paramount importance.
2008-09-14
What is essential hypertension in high-risk groups
According to epidemiological statistics, some people belonging to the high incidence of hypertension crowd:
1) parents with their children suffering from hypertension, high blood pressure significantly higher than the probability of parents with normal blood pressure.
2) salt intake and more people vulnerable to high blood pressure, high sodium intake can increase blood pressure and hyponatremia intake may buck.
The high calcium and high potassium diet can reduce the incidence of hypertension.
3) consumption of saturated fatty acids (for example, animal fat) than the consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids (for example, vegetable oil, fish oil) were susceptible to hypertension.
4) long-term drinkers increased prevalence of hypertension, and alcohol and a proportional amount.
5) to be engaged in highly focused, long-term stress, noise and other adverse long-term boost to risk of hypertension.
6) In addition, smoking and obesity are also susceptible to hypertension.
1) parents with their children suffering from hypertension, high blood pressure significantly higher than the probability of parents with normal blood pressure.
2) salt intake and more people vulnerable to high blood pressure, high sodium intake can increase blood pressure and hyponatremia intake may buck.
The high calcium and high potassium diet can reduce the incidence of hypertension.
3) consumption of saturated fatty acids (for example, animal fat) than the consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids (for example, vegetable oil, fish oil) were susceptible to hypertension.
4) long-term drinkers increased prevalence of hypertension, and alcohol and a proportional amount.
5) to be engaged in highly focused, long-term stress, noise and other adverse long-term boost to risk of hypertension.
6) In addition, smoking and obesity are also susceptible to hypertension.
What are the symptoms of hypertension
Hypertension symptoms vary from person to person. Early symptoms may be asymptomatic or not obvious, just in the tired, nervous, emotional volatility after high blood pressure and return to normal after rest. With the extension of the course, the continued elevated blood pressure significantly, the symptoms will appear gradually. At this point be called into the ease of hypertension.
Ease into the hypertensive disease common clinical symptoms of headache, dizziness, focused attention, memory decline, numbness, more nocturnal enuresis, palpitation, chest tightness, fatigue, and so on. Some symptoms are not directly caused by hypertension, but senior neurological disorders caused by.
Dizziness and headaches hypertension is the most common symptoms of the brain, most patients showed persistent dull discomfort, dizziness can often hamper thinking, reduced work efficiency, do not focus attention, memory decline, especially in recent memory diminish the case . Long-term high blood pressure led to cerebral insufficiency, is also one of the reasons that caused dizziness. Some of the long-term blood pressure in patients with hypertension has adapted to the more when the service will be pressure-relief medicine to normal blood pressure, also due to cerebral vascular conditioning are not suited produce dizziness. When the blood pressure drop too low, sometimes feel dizzy, and the insufficiency of the brain. Can be a headache for the continued performance of pure pain or throb of pain, and sometimes even cause nausea, vomiting, blood pressure suddenly increased by more than the head of vascular reflection of a strong contraction caused by pain on both sides of the site in the temple or the back of his head.
Chest tightness in patients with heart palpitations mean by the impact of high blood pressure, elevated blood pressure would have led long-term expansion or left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy, which have led to the heart of the burden, then in myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia, the patient will feel chest Nausea palpitations.
Also due to brain dysfunction, there may be irritability, palpitations, insomnia, easily agitated, and other symptoms; systemic arteries spasm and limb muscle insufficiency can lead to numbness, Jingbei muscle tension, pain, the original site of nasal septum in patients with vascular flawed Prone to nose bleeding.
When blood pressure suddenly increased to a certain degree, or even a severe headache, vomiting, palpitations, dizziness and other symptoms of serious will happen when consciousness unclear, convulsion. This type of radical hypertension and hypertensive critically ill patients, and more will in the short term a serious heart, brain, kidneys and other organs of the damage and diseases such as stroke, myocardial infarction, renal failure, and so on.
Therefore, once the above symptoms, treatment must check as soon as possible, to prevent target organ damage and prevention of hypertension or high blood pressure encephalopathy crisis occurred. Many patients with hypertension both in the early or have serious high blood pressure, have no symptoms until a stroke or suffering from other diseases found when measuring blood pressure is too late. Therefore, regular medical examinations to early diagnosis and treatment of hypertension to the maintenance of good health is essential.
In addition, symptoms of high blood pressure and there is no consistent relationship between levels. Patients with hypertension can not be used to estimate the severity of symptoms of high and low blood pressure and decided to take a dose of antihypertensive drugs.
Ease into the hypertensive disease common clinical symptoms of headache, dizziness, focused attention, memory decline, numbness, more nocturnal enuresis, palpitation, chest tightness, fatigue, and so on. Some symptoms are not directly caused by hypertension, but senior neurological disorders caused by.
Dizziness and headaches hypertension is the most common symptoms of the brain, most patients showed persistent dull discomfort, dizziness can often hamper thinking, reduced work efficiency, do not focus attention, memory decline, especially in recent memory diminish the case . Long-term high blood pressure led to cerebral insufficiency, is also one of the reasons that caused dizziness. Some of the long-term blood pressure in patients with hypertension has adapted to the more when the service will be pressure-relief medicine to normal blood pressure, also due to cerebral vascular conditioning are not suited produce dizziness. When the blood pressure drop too low, sometimes feel dizzy, and the insufficiency of the brain. Can be a headache for the continued performance of pure pain or throb of pain, and sometimes even cause nausea, vomiting, blood pressure suddenly increased by more than the head of vascular reflection of a strong contraction caused by pain on both sides of the site in the temple or the back of his head.
Chest tightness in patients with heart palpitations mean by the impact of high blood pressure, elevated blood pressure would have led long-term expansion or left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy, which have led to the heart of the burden, then in myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia, the patient will feel chest Nausea palpitations.
Also due to brain dysfunction, there may be irritability, palpitations, insomnia, easily agitated, and other symptoms; systemic arteries spasm and limb muscle insufficiency can lead to numbness, Jingbei muscle tension, pain, the original site of nasal septum in patients with vascular flawed Prone to nose bleeding.
When blood pressure suddenly increased to a certain degree, or even a severe headache, vomiting, palpitations, dizziness and other symptoms of serious will happen when consciousness unclear, convulsion. This type of radical hypertension and hypertensive critically ill patients, and more will in the short term a serious heart, brain, kidneys and other organs of the damage and diseases such as stroke, myocardial infarction, renal failure, and so on.
Therefore, once the above symptoms, treatment must check as soon as possible, to prevent target organ damage and prevention of hypertension or high blood pressure encephalopathy crisis occurred. Many patients with hypertension both in the early or have serious high blood pressure, have no symptoms until a stroke or suffering from other diseases found when measuring blood pressure is too late. Therefore, regular medical examinations to early diagnosis and treatment of hypertension to the maintenance of good health is essential.
In addition, symptoms of high blood pressure and there is no consistent relationship between levels. Patients with hypertension can not be used to estimate the severity of symptoms of high and low blood pressure and decided to take a dose of antihypertensive drugs.
Hypertension will often What are the symptoms
Patients with hypertension in about 5 percent without symptoms, nor do I know when elevated blood pressure, do not know when it has had a vascular organ damage and complications, some patients even in the event of a cardio-cerebral vascular accident after only know that they Suffering from hypertension.
Most of the increased blood pressure in patients with hypertension early only minor symptoms such as headache, dizziness, insomnia, tinnitus, irritable, hard work and focus on learning and prone to fatigue.
With the development of disease, particularly complications, the symptoms gradually increased and obvious, such as the fingers numb and stiff, multi-leg pain when walking, or a sore neck back muscle tension. When a flustered, shortness of breath, chest tightness and pain at the heart before the heart that has been involved, a night-time frequency, more urine, urine thin, that the kidney involvement, the occurrence of renal artery hardening. If patients with hypertension suddenly appeared unclear consciousness, irregular breathing deep, incontinence, and other tips possible brain hemorrhage, if there is the side of physical activity gradually inconvenience, numbness and even paralysis, should doubt whether the formation of a cerebral thrombosis.
Early hypertension no abnormal signs appear. When the brain, heart, kidney and other vital organs appear mild damage they have abnormal physical signs appear. Common abnormal heart throb performance of the left apex, the former heart-risk areas are flattering dynamic, auscultation the first heart sound enhance the apex area, aortic valve area and a second heart sound enhance the systolic and diastolic murmur murmur that have occurred Arteriosclerosis and left ventricular hypertrophy, if the apex area and listen to Ben Ma-like rhythm may indicate the emergence of a heart failure. It is also common earlobe appear creases, capillary throb, the radial artery or vein in hardware clock and lower extremities, such as intermittent claudication.
In addition, due to certain factors or induced hypertension development itself can lead to some significant blood pressure in patients with hypertension or elevated Jizhou, with brain, heart, kidney, retina and other important organ damage, serious life-threatening, in a series of special Signs, known as hypertensive emergency. The incidence of acute hypertension accounted for 5 percent of hypertensive patients, a common hypertension encephalopathy, cerebral hemorrhage, acute left ventricular failure, Clonidine acute withdrawal syndrome, acute myocardial infarction, aggressive type of malignant hypertension, and so on.
Most of the increased blood pressure in patients with hypertension early only minor symptoms such as headache, dizziness, insomnia, tinnitus, irritable, hard work and focus on learning and prone to fatigue.
With the development of disease, particularly complications, the symptoms gradually increased and obvious, such as the fingers numb and stiff, multi-leg pain when walking, or a sore neck back muscle tension. When a flustered, shortness of breath, chest tightness and pain at the heart before the heart that has been involved, a night-time frequency, more urine, urine thin, that the kidney involvement, the occurrence of renal artery hardening. If patients with hypertension suddenly appeared unclear consciousness, irregular breathing deep, incontinence, and other tips possible brain hemorrhage, if there is the side of physical activity gradually inconvenience, numbness and even paralysis, should doubt whether the formation of a cerebral thrombosis.
Early hypertension no abnormal signs appear. When the brain, heart, kidney and other vital organs appear mild damage they have abnormal physical signs appear. Common abnormal heart throb performance of the left apex, the former heart-risk areas are flattering dynamic, auscultation the first heart sound enhance the apex area, aortic valve area and a second heart sound enhance the systolic and diastolic murmur murmur that have occurred Arteriosclerosis and left ventricular hypertrophy, if the apex area and listen to Ben Ma-like rhythm may indicate the emergence of a heart failure. It is also common earlobe appear creases, capillary throb, the radial artery or vein in hardware clock and lower extremities, such as intermittent claudication.
In addition, due to certain factors or induced hypertension development itself can lead to some significant blood pressure in patients with hypertension or elevated Jizhou, with brain, heart, kidney, retina and other important organ damage, serious life-threatening, in a series of special Signs, known as hypertensive emergency. The incidence of acute hypertension accounted for 5 percent of hypertensive patients, a common hypertension encephalopathy, cerebral hemorrhage, acute left ventricular failure, Clonidine acute withdrawal syndrome, acute myocardial infarction, aggressive type of malignant hypertension, and so on.
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